No doubt the environment issue has become the major concern of people living in the present era. People all over the world are sparing no effort in their attempt to maintain a clean environment since pollution has become a global scourge.

     H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates, realized the importance of preserving the environment when he was still young. So, he performed a miracle that won him titles such as "Desert Knight," "Maker of the Green Miracle," "Man of the Era" and "Man of the Environment."

     Naturally, pollution threatens life on Earth as a result of fierce wars, cutting woods with the sole aim of making fortunes and with utter neglect of the value of man on whom God has bestowed dignity. In this context, the number one enemy of humanity are those who export toxic waste and dump it in other countries.

     Realizing the gravity of the situation many countries have hastened to prevent pollution and grow green belts and forests to help purify the air of toxic gases, because in the last two centuries the world had witnessed severe environmental disasters.

     With what is known of his sense, enlightenment and love for the environment, H.H. Sheikh Zayed has been a pioneer in adopting serious and active measures to preserve the environment. This can be clearly witnessed today in Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, Dubai and the rest of the Emirates, where green areas, flower gardens, forests, orchards, date palms and fruits are seen everywhere.

     When he was young, His Highness dreamed of seeing this desert converted into a green paradise and determined to see his dream come true, realizing it by means of hard work. By God's will he lived to witness it with his own eyes.

     H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan addressed the UN Environment and Development Conference (Earth Summit) held in Brazil in 1992 saying: زThe United Arab Emirates, though it is a new country, succeeded in taking tremendous strides towards protecting the environment, fighting pollution and conquering the desert. Now, the United Arab Emirates has become an example and a model for the rest of the world by challenging the tough nature of the desert and by preserving the purity of the environment and developing it. All this has made the relationship between man and the environment one of reciprocal giving..."

     His Highness said: "The United Arab Emirates, right from the beginning, considered the environment as the main target for its development policy and exerted great efforts, in very tough environmental conditions, to solve the problem of desertification, to increase green areas, to develop water resources, to improve the marine environment and protect it from pollution, and to preserve and improve animal and fish resources by introducing the necessary legislation."

     Isn't it amazing to see more than 130 public parks, 22 million palm trees and 130 million other types of trees growing in the UAE?

     Sheikh Zayed's care attracted the attention of the Arab World and the west. The United Arab Emirates has taken unprecedented steps in the preservation of environment, under the valued direction and distinguished efforts of His Highness, as he has taken personal interest in this respect, in addition to the interest on the official level. This is solid proof of his appreciation and love for the environment. It has taken much of his time and energy. Hence, he has become the man of the environment and of development. Having already discussed agriculture and greenery, we will discuss in this chapter activities whose aim is to develop and preserve the environment.

     The Federal Environment Agency, by means of all its activities, plans and efforts, has effectively contributed to developing environmental activity in the State according to certain rules and strategies, considering the real situation and its challenges.

     In 1993, a Federal Environmental Agency was established and started its activity at high speed, realizing significant achievements that helped to develop the environmental program of the State. The outcome has been the success of many projects in line with the policy of the State.

     In 1995, the Federal Environmental Agency worked out a draft Federal Act whose aim is to protect and develop the environment in the UAE and regularize human practices and activities that are detrimental to the environment. Naturally, this Act would strengthen the position of the State as regards international specialized agencies and organizations, as the execution of the international obligations and agreements was one of the objectives of the Act. In April 1997, the Federal Environmental Agency signed with the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and the Economic and Social Council for Western Asia (ESCWA)adocument on the preparation of a national environmental strategy and the treats to environmental activity in the UAE.

     This scheme is in harmony with the coherent policy of the UAE under the leadership of H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the State. Day-by-day capacities grow stronger for the protection of the environment, thanks to the set of plans being implemented to tackle environmental problems.

     The drawing up of a national emergency plan to deal with marine pollution in the State is one of the top priorities of the Federal Environment Agency.

     The Federal Environment Agency activities include the preparation of a final report on the survey study of the coastline and the biological diversity of the UAE. The Agency also conducted a study on air pollution produced by automobile exhausts in collaboration with the Abu Dhabi Municipality, Food and Environmental Control Center, the Traffic and Licensing Department, and the Ministry of Interior, to identify the problem, measure the level of air pollutants produced by automobile exhausts, and to find appropriate solutions. The study was conducted in co-operation and co-ordination with all concerned parties in the State.

     On February 4 every year, the UAE celebrates the National Day of the Environment. In 1998, the celebration was under the slogan: "UAE and the Environment: Permanent Commitment and Continuous Effort."

     The UAE municipalities celebrate the "Municipalities and Environment Week" in which leaflets are distributed, and studies are carried out in pursuit of environmental awareness. Functions and activities are carried out to clean beaches and other places, in addition to seminars, lectures, discussions and incentive awards offered on the basis of environmental awareness.

Zayed Promulgates Two Acts Of The Enviroment

      H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates, promulgated two Federal Acts. The first concerns protection and development of the environment, and the second one concerns the protection, exploitation and development of marine bio-resources in the UAE.

     The Environmental Protection and Development Act aims at the protection of the environment, preserving its quality, combating pollution of all types, avoiding any damage, short or longterm, as a result of plans and programs of economic, agricultural, industrial and urban development.

     The Act also aims at developing the natural resources and preserving the biological diversity of the State, and optimizing its exploitation, for the benefit of present and coming generations and protecting the society, human health and that of other creatures from all activities and acts which are environmentally detrimental.

     The Act makes provision for a national system for environmental monitoring, and national plans to face environmental emergencies and disasters, and for the protection of the country's coasts and beaches from the hazards of pollution and for the protection of marine environment natural resources as well as drinking water and ground water. The Act encompasses developing water sources, protecting air from pollution, prohibiting the handling of hazardous materials and waste, and protecting natural sanctuaries and creatures inhabiting them. The Act involves strict punitive actions against offenders including the death sentence and a penalty worth not less than one million dirhams and not more than ten million dirhams against those who import or procure nuclear matters and waste for dumping in the ground or submerging under water, as well as for storing or disposal in any form inside the State.

      The Act on Exploitation, Protection and Development of Marine Bio-resources aims at regulating and exploiting these resources, which form an essential part of the economic base.

     The Law organizes all aspects of fishing as a life occupation and sets up measures to ensure the protection and development of marine resources.

     H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan has the following to say: "Land becomes too dear to one when it becomes a source of riches... our aim is to make the people cherish the value of their homeland. We all feel happy when we find that we are surrounded by green trees and flying birds and running water. A barren land is antithetic to life." No words are more beautiful or accurate and far reaching. These are words that corroborate the kind of life lived in an environment enriched by greenery and flourishing plants. His Highness is not only concerned with theorizing, he turns theory into practice and words into action, with a relentless determination, a faith in success that knows no bounds. This is seen in countless instances.

     The efforts of H.H. Sheikh Zayed in the protection of the environment have become a guiding light illuminating the path for everyone who is interested in learning. I will try to give examples in the hope that they will help reflect a picture of what His Highness is doing in this field.

The United Arab Emirates Seat of the Secretariat -General of the Coordinating Authority for the Preservation of Arabian Oryx.

     On January 29-31, 1999, in Muscat, the delegates decided to select the United Arab Emirates as the seat for the Secretariat-General of the Coordinating Authority for the Preservation of the Arabian Oryx, in appreciation of the accomplishments and efforts of H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates, in the protection and preservation of wildlife, both internally and externally.

     H.H. Sheikh Zayed has declared many land and marine areas as sanctuaries, such as Seer Bani Yas Island whose area is estimated at 220 km. It is considered as one of the biggest sanctuaries in the Arabian Gulf and the most organized, well-looked after and scenic one. In this green island with lush fruit trees, there are more than 2.5 million trees, tens of farms, and plenty of forests. It attests to the effort exerted by the State to accomplish this reality on the island. More than 25 different species of wild animal and 86 species of exotic and rare birds live freely on the island. The number of Arabian Oryx, which represents an essential part of the UAE heritage, has increased. The UAE possesses a large number of the Arabian Oryx. In 1998, the number of Oryx was 311 and 7,000 gazelles. That jumped to 16,636 gazelles at present. The Arabian Oryx is indigenous to the Arabian Peninsula. It is distinguished by its white color and the black spots on the forehead and sides. The small Arabian Oryx is mostly light brown. In the UAE, interest in this animal began under the instruction of His Highness, the President. Four of this species were captured in the Al Ain area and kept in a small reserve. The Oryx breeding program began on Seer Bani Yas Island with only three females and two males. These were all subjected to a breeding and development program until the number reached 300, according to 1999 statistics.

     There are some other desert animals and birds on the island; This confirms that this island is a spectacular reflection of H.H. Sheikh Zayed's efforts in the protection, development and support of the environment.

Natural Forests Museum

     The establishment of the Natural Forests Museum in the Western Region has contributed to the development of agricultural wealth and the increase of green areas of forests and desert plants. It also plays a substantial role in monitoring and fighting pests by means of scientific and practical studies and research .

     The Natural Museum is affiliated to the Forestry Section of the Abu Dhabi Municipality - Western Region. It specializes in monitoring pests and insects which threaten agriculture.

     This Museum has completed many significant projects. One of them was the classification of insects, pests and rodents, which are harmful to the process of agricultural development. It also counted pests and diseases, as well as birds and reptiles spread in the area. Specimens of all these have been conserved in chemical solutions inside glass containers. The Museum continues to increase its work ambit in order to accommodate all the biological diversity of the Western Region.

Counting & Classification

     One of the tasks of Museum is to count, record, classify and show local wild creatures, to identify desert plants and soil and to classify and show migrant pests and insects which have already adapted to local conditions and bred. In the museum there is a detailed map of all the natural locations where the living creatures breed and reproduce and areas where they spread. Hence, the Museum is considered a scientific center, which attracts students and specialists and, in addition, it provides invaluable information to researchers in the fields of the environment and agriculture.

Pests Section

     The pests' section of the museum contains data illustrating palm tree diseases, which cause extensive damage. There is considerable information on 12 types of pest, such as palm red weevil, stem and root borers, date palm scale insect (Parlatoria Blanchardi) and date spider. This section also contains some samples of the palm diseases such as bud rot, top head curvature, heartleaves and other diseases that affect the palm leaves, branches and fronds.

     The Museum's task also includes identifying diseases of desert plants. There is a pesticides section that contains samples showing the impact of overdose on leaves and branches. It also shows the adverse effects of applying pesticides at random. The section of desert creatures and birds exhibits various specimen of the desert biological diversity, represented by foxes, rabbits, geckos, monitors, lizards, snakes and other reptiles.

Desert Plants

     The Museum studies all desert flora. The most important of these are deciduous and evergreen trees. It also studies all types of sand soil such as white, red, limestone, saline and briny sands. This section contains samples of the saline soil and samples of plants that withstand high salinity and plants which are vulnerable to soil of high salinity, and the effect of salinity on parts of different plants, especially the leaves.

    This Museum will contribute considerably to the support of research and scientific institutions concerned with agricultural development. It will also assist students, specialists and researchers by providing accurate information. It would suffice to mention that the Forestry Section has achieved great results in 1999, when the total area of forestry increased to more than 19,000 hectares grown with more than 310,000 forest and fruit-yielding trees. More than 150 wells were drilled in different areas, in addition to the construction of a number of water tanks of different sizes.

Desert Reclamation

     Our memory goes back to the year 1968, when H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the State, declared his first project to reclaim and grow trees in the desert.

     Between that period and the turn of the millennium, extensive efforts were exerted, supported by a strong will and an overpowering love for the homeland, in order to increase the green areas and conquer the desert and its barren sands. A plan was drawn to convert 20 million square meters of land into green populated areas between Al Ain and Abu Dhabi, most of this plan has already been executed. Thanks to the direct support and valued directions of the President of the State, who ordered the implementation of unique development projects that would provide security for about three thousand families of the coming generations.

Bolti (River Fish- Tilapia)

     H.H. Sheikh Zayed ordered the digging a five million square meters canal below sea level between Abu Dhabi and Al Ain to make water available. More than eight thousand Bolti were thrown into the lake, and they bred more than 25 million fish. This is considered an exceptional and pioneering experiment because of the special arrangements and the water slopes, which provide small fish with oxygen and give them room to move from the salty water to waters of less salinity when the seawater mixes with the treated wastewater used for irrigation.

BIRDS INHABIT THE AREA

     The area of Al Ajban has attracted various species of birds such as sparrow hawks, ostriches, flamingos, and others. It has been observed that more than six thousand green finch birds have settled in this area, which it is locally known as "al Khidairi.' There is a project to breed ducks on the outskirts of the Wathba area. In the Al Ajban area itself there are more than thirty thousand birds that live freely, in addition to the ducks that have reached standard weights because of avaailable environmental technology and care.

     The project of the lakes in the Al Ajban area is considered as a comprehensive experiment in terms of scale and objectives. It is indeed a modern method of developing resources and establishing reserves that satisfy the local population and attract tourists. Indeed, as H.H. Sheikh Zayed has given us many pleasant surprises in the last century, he will continue, as usual, giving us more surprises in the third millennium. Isn't it really amazing to see an area of 90,000 m2 between Al Ain and Abu Dhabi being leveled for the sake of a dignitred life for the citizens of this country and for the sake of the environment, beauty and a dignified life?

The National Environmental Strategy Project

     The United Nations praised the United Arab Emirates' experience in preparing the national environmental strategy and environment action during the meeting of Dr. Salim Masri Al Dhahry, Director of the Federal Environment Agency with the Assistant Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Program and the Regional Director of the Arab States Bureau, Mr. Fawaz Fawq el'Adah, in June 1999.

UAE Joins Program For Environmental Science And Education

     In the beginning of June 1999, the Agreement of the International Program for Environmental Science and Education, known as Globe, was signed. It is actually an international school program for science, education and the environment designed to suit the students' skills at all levels of learning.

UAE Bird Atlas

     In 1997, the first Arabic Atlas giving full description of the UAE birds, especially the ones living on Abu Dhabi islands where there are many locations for the migrating birds to settle and breed, was published. The Atlas confirms that there is a constantly increasing number of birds, indigenous and migrant. In his book about the world of birds, Simon Aspinal points to the fact that there are more than 100 species of birds in the UAE.

Environmental Institutions

     As a result of environmental awareness in the UAE, there are authorities, societies and institutions which are concerned with the protection of the environment, such as the Environment Protection Council in Sharjah, Marine Environment Protection Society in Dubai, Environment Protection and Industrial Development Authority in Ras Al Khaimah, and Environment Friends Society, sponsored by oil companies and state municipalities.

     Dubai Municipality was awarded a prize by the UN Environment Program for its active contribution to the worldwide campaign known as "Clean the World 95.' The Marine Environment Society in Dubai plays an outstanding role in dealing with environmental disasters and fighting marine pollution. In March 1998, a local order was issued designating the area located between the creek head and Jebel Ali as a natural sanctuary in the Emirate of Dubai.

     On September 30, 1999, H.H. Dr. Sheikh Sultan Bin Mohamed Al Qassimi inaugurated the Arabian Peninsula Animal Center, which stands as a distinguished monument of civilization and a significant scientific and cultural landmark in the state and the region. His Highness also sponsors the Arabian Tiger Society. Work has already been completed in three natural marine reserves in Al Faqeet, Dhadna and Al Aqqa areas in Fujairah to preserve endangered marines creatures.

Symallah Island

     Symaliah Island, which is located 12km northeast of Abu Dhabi, is one of the offshore islands that enjoys all the characteristics of natural reserves that have not yet been tampered with by man.

     Its size is around 25km2. It is in fact an area for environmental research, begun after the establishment of the Environmental Researches Authority at Symaliah Island by a resolution issued on August 26, 1996, by H.H. Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Deputy Prime Minister and Chairman of the Emirates Heritage Club.

     This Authority aims at studying marine living organisms, plants and animals and their relationship with environmental conditions.

Jarnain Island

     This island enjoys special care and attention from H.H. Sheikh Hamdan Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs. It represents a natural refuge for many land and sea birds. It is located 85 miles inside the Arabian Gulf waters, along the Abu Dhabi coast.

     Conquering the desert provided the UAE with a pioneering experience in this field. Sand dunes were converted into green hills, lush parks, farms and fields, thanks to the prudent directions of His Highness who turned the dream into a reality, which is a miracle of the modern age. In the field of agriculture, the number of farms in the UAE has increased from 17,584 farms to 22,797 in the period 1986-1996 with a total rate of 30% and an annual increase rate of 3%. The total area increased from 30, 192 acres to 798,000 acres, growing by 110% with an annual increase of 11%.

     The area allocated for vegetables has grown from 96,837 acres to 160,212 acres with a total increase of 110% at an annual increase rate of 11%. Production has increased from 232,292 tons in 1986 to 766,883 tons in 1996, that is, by 230% and an annual increase rate of 23%.

     The area allocated for fruits, with the exception of palm trees, has increased from 25,087 acres to 25,533 acres with a total increase rate of 2%. As for the production of dates it has increased from 26,218 tons to 41,129 tons, by 57%, with an annual increase of 6%. The area cultivated with palm trees has increased from 61,255 acres to 310,054 acres with a total increase rate of 406% and an annual rate of 41%. The number of palm trees has increased from 4,637,000 to around 25,000,000 with a total increase rate of 439% and an annual rate of around 4%. The production of dates has increased from 59,718 tons in 1986 to 244,644 tons in 1996, with a total increase rate of around 310% and annual increase rate of 31%. The farming crops and feeds area increased from 58,173 acres to 79,073 acres, an increase of around 36% and an annual increase rate of 4%, as well as an increase in productivity from 319,995 tons to 446,132 tons. Production increased at a total rate of 40% and an annual increase rate of around 4%. The number of greenhouses for growing vegetables increased to 6,356 in 1996, an increase of 279% compared to 1986, with the area of greenhouses reaching 2023 acres, an increase of 263% compared with the area in 1986. As for the contribution of vegetables production to local consumption in 1996, vegetables production was 63% of total food requirements, citrus production 30%, lime 78%, clover production and green feed 100%, and 90% for concentrated feed.

Increase In Animal Production

     Animal resources in terms of number have increased from 822,343 heads in 1986 to 1,624,755 heads in 1996, at a gross increase of 98% and an annual increase rate of 10%. Fresh milk quantity has increased from 41,424 tons to 113,409 tons, an increase of 174%, and an annual growth of 17%.

     Meat has increased from 9,681 tons in 1986 to 19,045 tons in 1996, an increase of 97%, at a rate of 10% perannum.

     White meat (poultry) quantity has increased from 11,348 tons in 1986 to 29,103 tons in 1996 at a total increase rate of 157% with an annual increase rate of 16%. Egg production has increased from 160,000,000 eggs in 1986 to 238,600,000 eggs. The contribution of animal production to local requirements of red and white meat amounted to 23% of the food requirements in the State in 1996, fresh milk around 88% and 39% for eggs.

     As far as fishing is concerned the number of fishing boats has increased from 3,050 boats in 1986 to 6,341 boats in 1997, a total increase of 108% and an annual rate of 10%. The number of fishermen has increased from 10,611 to 13,411, an increase of around 26% and an annual increase rate of 2%. Number of local fishermen in 1996 constituted 21% of the total of fishermen in the State.

     The production of fish has increased from 79,500 tons to 107,000 tons, by 53%, and an annual increase of 4%. As for fish production for local consumption, the total fish yields in the State in 1996 were sufficient for local consumption.

     The Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries constantly monitors the water policy of each farming area in the country to ensure that it suits the combination of farming crops in each area, in the light of water allocations, which need to be estimated and planned for.

Water

     The Ministry support the installation of modern irrigation networks on farms by giving loans to buy modern irrigation systems for half their value. These cover 66% of the total irrigated area in the country, bearing in mind that this area does not include forestry areas which are all irrigated by modern irrigation systems.

     The Ministry sets regulations for water consumption and conducts regular analysis of water and soil samples to determine the salinity rate. In 1996, ten meteorological stations were established in the UAE, equipped with more than 60 devices to measure sea and land temperature, humidity, direction and force of wind, and rainfall.

     The State encourages the establishment of water desalination plants throughout the country. The total annual production of these plants was around 475 million cubic meters in 1993.

     The United Arab Emirates is a pioneer in establishing sewerage water treatment plants and reusing this water for agricultural purposes. Currently more than 80 million cubic meters are produced and used for irrigating green stretches and forest trees.

     H.E. the Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries, in a speech about the UAE's Agricultural Policy, stated to al Bayan newspaper on November 22, 1997: "The UAE agricultural policy represents sets of trends in both the agricultural and food spheres. The Government endeavored to realize a number of specific goals in the past years, in many sectors, including vegetation, animals, fisheries, national resources (water and soil), as well as training of manpower and issuing of certain legislation, rules and regulations, and implementing agricultural and veterinary quarantining."

Environment And Development Center

     The Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries cooperated with the Islamic Development Bank in establishing the first regional center for saline plants in the UAE, on an area of 100 hectares, to make use of saline water and sea water in growing crops and animal feed."

     Isn't the above clear evidence of qualitative development in the field of the environment in the UAE? This viewpoint derives from all the above-mentioned statistics, which if compared with other countries, would show the extent of flourishing and growth in the UAE. What would be the reaction if we said that this development has taken place in the UAE where the desert covers most of the country?

     This historical march, which was led and supported by H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the UAE, is a march of real benevolence and giving; it's the march of pride for all the UAE people who have rallied with all loyalty and love around their leader and worked hard to create this Federation; it is also a source of pride and dignity for all Arabs.

     Towards the end of 1998 the Al Ittihad newspaper (Al Ittihad Weekly) published that the UAE would host the International Conference on the Preservation of the Environment in the year 2001, and that sixty-six countries and regional organizations would participate in the conference and the accompanying exhibition. On this occasion Dr. Klaus Toepfer, Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), praised the UAE's efforts in the field of the environment, and its achievements under the patronage of H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the UAE, especially in the fields of protecting the environment and wildlife and the preservation of natural resources.

     Many countries in the world are impressed by the UAE's experience in the improvement and preservation of the environment. This is solid proof of the country's achievements in this field. What makes us more proud is that this experience is growing and developing day by day, because our efforts know no end, and our ambition knows no limits.

     This can be attributed to the deep understanding and penetrating vision of H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, with respect to preserving a clean and safe environment which will provide all generations with a prosperous life.

     This sensible and balanced policy qualified H.H Sheikh Zayed for many distinguished international awards. What merits this qualification is his efforts in the protection and maintenance of the environment, in the development of wildlife and marine life, his efforts in curbing all sources and forms of pollution in the sea, on land and in the air, and last but not least his directions to the Cabinet to issue a resolution to mark a National Day of the Environment on February 4 of each year. All this weaves the texture of an epic of national, supra-national and humanitarian devotion.

National Day For The Protection Of The Environment

     On the occasion of the celebration of the National Day of the Environment, observers confirmed that H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan has devoted all capabilities to upgrade the UAE and preserve its environment. As for the marine environment - being part of the environment and of great importance to the UAE - His Highness has given it special care and attention, since it has always been the main source of food of the UAE and an essential source of water supplies for drinking, irrigation and industrial purposes. In addition to it being an important means of linking the State to the rest of the world, the sea is also a place for recreation and entertainment.

     This was mentioned by H.E. Hamad Abdul Rahman Al Mudfa, Minister of Health and Chairman of the Federal Agency for the Environment Board of Directors at the official ceremony, organized by the Agency on Sunday, February 28, 1999, in the Main Conference Hall at the Abu Dhabi Chamber of Commerce and Industry, which was attended by H.H. Sheikh Abdulla Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Minister of Information and Culture and H.E. Said Al Raqbani, Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries.

     His Highness the President of the State has the following to say about preserving the marine environment and the various and numerous riches of the sea: "We must give more attention to the preservation of the marine environment and work individually or in groups to protect it from all sorts of damage. We must do so to realize the motto we have chosen together to protect the marine environment." His Highness has always confirmed that the government, in its customary manner, would exert ceaseless efforts to protect our environment and provide the resources necessary for realizing this goal.

     His Highness has urged all the parties concerned to promptly finalize the legislation, regulations, resolutions and plans required for the protection of the environment in all its forms and curb adverse impacts on it, so that the environment of the Emirates will remain the way we love it to be, safe and secure for present and future generations to enjoy.

     His Highness also confirmed that: زThe preservation of the environment should not be rhetorical or ceremonial or just a casual event; but it should be translated into a daily practice for all the UAE people who will not spare any effort to actively contribute to those efforts exerted by governmental departments and use their creative abilities to protect their country so that it remains as a treasure whose riches will be enjoyed by them and by their grandchildren."

     The foregoing shows clearly the attitude of His Highness towards the marine environment in particular, and the broader environment in general. This attitude is based on a strategic vision whose object is the present and the future, since environment has now become part and parcel of the hazards that threaten human lives. It has become imperative for man to shoulder the responsibility of protecting the environment for the sake of his own happiness, health, life, food and well-being. The way His Highness links the importance of environment in the past and its importance in the present is brilliant and proves his patriotism and his love for all the elements of life in his country.

     I would like to quote the full speech given by His Highness about the environment and read on his behalf by the Minister of Health, as mentioned earlier on, because it represents a methodology that can be adopted by all the parties concerned, in order to side with the environment and protect it from the wrong-doings of all offenders and criminals.

     The following was the speech of H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan on the occasion of the Second National Day of the Environment. "Dear brothers and sisters, Peace be upon you, and may the mercy and blessings of Allah be upon you.

     Today we meet again in order to celebrate the UAE National Day of the Environment so as to reconfirm our genuine commitment to preserve and develop the environment in all its aspects.

     This year's celebration will focus on one of the many riches, which God has bestowed upon us, namely, the marine environment to which we are bound by close relationships, which have been strengthened with the passage of time.

     Dear brothers and sisters, the marine environment in the UAE has gained special significance and has always been our main source of food and the essential source for fresh water, whether for drinking or use in our agricultural and industrial development. The sea has always been our bridge to the outer world before the modern means of transport were discovered, and a pleasant place for recreation and entertainment.

     Dear brothers and sisters, the marine environment is a dear part of our heritage, of our present and our future. In addition to this, it represents a substantial emotional value. That is why we have been keen on urging all concerned authorities to issue all the relevant regulations and resolutions required for the preservation of the environment. Let us be determined to punish anyone who dares to harm the environment and its resources. We have established a number of projects to develop our coastal environment and adorn our beaches by growing trees so that they remain an ideal place that is enjoyed by those who go there. We have also founded societies to look after fishing activities and fishermen, and to develop their awareness and train them in proper fishing methods, which ensure a sustainable stock of fish, and to direct them to preserve the profession of their forefathers and develop it to remain a source of living for a great number of our people. In this respect we have given orders to give them loans and all the necessary assistance.

     We have also founded clubs and societies to take care of our marine heritage such as pearl diving, in order to acquaint young persons, the future generation, with the past of their forefathers and to preserve our heritage from loss and extinction.

     With the aim to preserve and develop our marine resources and the places that are environmentally sensitive, we have established a number of marine reserves throughout the State. We have rehabilitated and developed a number of islands to be a safe haven for marine animals and other animals and birds.

     We have ordered the establishment of fish farms and increasing Qurm tree plantations, which provide a suitable environment for the development of our fish hatcheries. We have also given directives to take care of endangered marine species and to study and find out means of protecting and increasing their numbers and curbing the phenomena that threaten them, and providing the modern techniques necessary for that.

     Dear brothers and sisters, this is not the whole story; Because of its belief in the importance of mutual co-operation in all fields, including the environment, the UAE is an active participant in all international treaties and agreements concerning marine environment and provides full support to all regional and international bodies concerned with the various elements of the environment.

     Dear brothers and sisters, the sea is full of riches that we have enjoyed in the past. In order to preserve these resources, which have been bestowed upon us by God, and to guarantee being able to use them now and in the future, we have to give more attention to the preservation of the marine environment and work together as individuals or groups to protect it, in order to realize our selected motto "Together for the protection of our marine environment.س As for the government, it will, in its customary manner, work ceaselessly to support all efforts to protect our environment and to provide the capabilities necessary for realizing this goal.

     We call upon all concerned authorities in the State to promptly finalize laws, regulations, resolutions and plans required for the protection of all parts of the environment in order to curb any adverse impacts on it, so that the UAE environment will remain safe and secure for the enjoyment of both the present and future generations.

     Dear brothers and sisters, as we said last year, we now repeat that the preservation of the environment should not be a rhetorical, ceremonial or casual event, but it should be translated into daily practice by all the people of this homeland, who will not spare any effort to actively contribute to the efforts exerted by government departments, and use all their creative abilities to protect the environment of their country so that it remains as a treasure of riches for them and for their grandchildren. Peace be upon you and may God grant you His mercy and blessings."

     On June 15, 1997, H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan was awarded an honorary doctorate in Agriculture by Ain Shams University in Egypt, in recognition of his great efforts in the agricultural development projects in the UAE and in Egypt.

     On March 7, 1997, H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan was also awarded the Panda Golden Award by the International Fund for the Preservation of Nature. That was the first time that the award was presented to a State President.

Sheikh Zayed's International Award For The Environment

     The Municipalities magazine published in its issue No. 226, March 1999 the resolution approving the statute of Sheikh Zayed's International Prize for the Environment. What follows is the text verbatim which highlights the importance of the directions of H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the UAE, to protect and preserve the environment.

     H.H. General Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Dubai Crown Prince, Minister of Defense, Chief of Police and General Security in Dubai has approved the statute of the Sheikh Zayed International Prize for the Environment.

     The statute of the Prize which consists of 30 Articles, approved Dubai as the permanent venue of the Award. The statute specified the objective of the Prize as expressing recognition of and appreciation for outstanding and pioneer contributions to the field of the environment which are achieved by individuals or group of persons or other entities such as institutions, organizations, societies, associations and the like, whose aim is the sustainable use of resources and improving the human environment to meet the demands of the kind of sustained development which is in line with H.H. Sheikh Zayed's philosophy and concepts relating to environment and development. These concepts and philosophy are inseparable from the goals of the United Conference on Environment and Development of 1992. The link is the protection and improvement of the environment to meet the basic needs of coming generations. The award is an appreciation Prize presented in the name of H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the UAE, and under the patronage of H.H. Lt. Gen. Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, and according to certain selection criteria after meeting all the requirements of qualification and merit.

In 2001, One Million Dollars For The Winner

     All those who are concerned with the environment whether locally or worldwide have the chance to compete for the Prize. It consists of an amount of money to be specified by the higher committee, a gold medal, and a Certificate of Appreciation to be specially designed for the award showing the prize emblem and signed by the patron. The prize is awarded every two years and is presented in a public ceremony in Dubai on a date that coincides with the UAE National Day of the Environment.

     The second Article in the statute stipulates that the fields of the award are to be within the comprehensive framework of the protection and maintenance of the environment and its resources, in accordance with the complementary relation between the environment and development and the concept of environment sustainability. These fields relate to matters and means of achieving the desired balance between population, environment and resources. The Prize's fields comprise the following 12 major domains: management of vulnerable ecological systems, such as combating desertification and drought, increasing green areas, protecting fresh water supplies and maintaining their quality, applying integrated concepts when dealing with coastal areas, updating the development of rural and agricultural areas, the continuous development of areas where nomads live, promoting the continuous development of industry and energy and combating the pollution resulting from the activities of these two sectors, importing and introducing environmentally friendly techniques in the processes of production and the use of resources, protection and improving of human health conditions, spreading and promoting the kind of awareness necessary for environmental education, as well as participating in societal activities, international co-operation for consolidating and strengthening of environmental capabilities for the sake of sustainable development, women, environment and development and issues relating to environmental security.

Rules Of Nominations

     As for the rules of nomination for the Prize and its methodology, the statute stipulates that nomination should be open to individuals, groups of individuals and other entities such as institutions, organizations, institutes, associations, societies, agencies, governmental and non-governmental departments, which are distinguished by their effective achievements and impact on the realm of the environment in general, and in the special fields of the award, provided that they meet the specified criteria.

     The statute stresses the fact that individuals, group of individuals and other entities shall submit the names of their nominees for the award to the higher committee, provided that the nomination is restricted to one nominee only. Nomination should be accompanied by the C.V., a detailed description of the work for which the nomination is submitted and a statement on the evaluation of the results and impacts of the work or those consequent to it. Nomination takes place by using the nomination form prepared by the higher committee for this purpose. Members of committees formed in accordance with this statute are not allowed to nominate themselves, their relatives, and members of their institutions or authorities during their tenure as members of these committees.

InternationaL Referees

     The Higher Committee selects individuals, groups of individuals or other entities like institutions, organizations, associations or any other entities of this type to be given the award in accordance with the recommendations of the International Board of Referees, provided that the recommendations are made by a two-third majority. The award may be given to more than one person or institution. The award can also be given to the successors of a deceased candidate who was nominated within the specified period of nomination for the award. The Prize may be withheld from institutions, authorities and other parties mentioned in this statute that do not exist at the time of presenting giving the Prize. The statute of Sheikh Zayed International Prize for the Environment stipulates that the organizational structure shall comprise the following: the Higher Committee, the Secretariat-General of the Aword, the International Consultative Technical Committee, and the International Board of Referees.

     The statute includes the financial organizing rules of the award. These rules provide that a special account for the Prize shall be opened at one of the national banks subject to the approval of the patron of the award and that the account shall be known as the "Account of Sheikh Zayed International Prize of the Environment." The account transactions shall be controlled and responsibilities for its management specified by an investment agreement between the Higher Committee and the approved bank. A financial grant presented by the patron of the award, H.H. Lt. Gen. Mohammed Bin Rashid, Dubai Crown Prince, Minister of Defense, Prize Sponsor, is credited to the special account as capital for the Prize.

     Special grants from individuals or related organizations and others are accepted according to His Highness's directions and shall be credited to the special account and spent as expenditure of managing the Prize, along with the amounts to be paid to the winner or winners. The amount of expenditure and award, presented every two years, shall not exceed the interest rate of the special account for this period.

     The special account transactions shall take place through separate accounting systems, to be introduced by a specialized technical body, and shall be approved by the Prize Higher Committee and Prize Sponsor.